These demarcations were shaped by racist sentiments toward Black residents and non-whites and manifested through urban planning, housing policies, discriminatory banking, and other practicesall effectively confining people from different demographic groups to certain parts of the city. Chicagos position as the hub of a vast railroad system enabled a bustling industrial economy that was teeming with job opportunities in its stockyards, factories, and steel mills. Chicago Youth Organize Townhall for Mayoral Candidates, Op-Ed: Chuy Garca Isnt Running as a Progressive This Mayoral Bid, Chicago Rapper 8MatikLogan Gives Himself A Second Chance, IRS Approves Federal Nonprofit Status for South Side Weekly NFP, Mayoral Debate was a Poor Night for Chicago, Proudly powered by Newspack by Automattic. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 7271 is northbound on Clark at Roosevelt. Despite the simplicity of Chicagos famous grid system, designed for flat land and seemingly equitable on a map, residents of Chicago have never been equally dispersed or had the same freedom of movement and belonging. The deadliest tornado hit on April 21, 1967, traveling through Oak Lawn and the South Side of Chicago, killing 33 and injuring 500. . Notice Building Chicagos Subways is in stock and now available for immediate shipment. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7193 has three followers at Western and 69th on October 13, 1953. The discriminatory practice known as redlining was a color-coded classification system implemented by the Federal Housing Administration that determined the value of housing based on the racial demographics of a neighborhood. With all the different types of people Chicago attracted at this time, the entertainment industry became a powerful force to be reckoned with. One comment, the photo of CTA 687 is at Division and Crosby, not Larrabee. History. 03. 03. US-born citizens make up 85.22% of the resident pool in South Side Chicago, while non-US-born citizens account for 7.1%. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7039 is at Western and 71st on August 12, 1955. In the mid-1950s Chicago faced its first postindustrial crisis as the major meatpacking companies began to close their production facilities. A more detailed 1950s map showcases crowded clusters of Irish, Italian, and smaller ethnic groups establishing new communities across the city. Join us in looking back on three swanky nightclubs from the '60s. HOUSING SEGREGATION IN 1950S SOUTH SIDE CHICAGO Already experiencing a population boom after Reconstruction, Chicago was a popular destination for African Americans moving from the South to the North in the early 20th century. The date is June 16, 1954. For more neighborhood news, listen to DNAinfo Radio here. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4044 is on Western at the Douglas Park L on June 22, 1955. 10. A wooden Garfield Park L train is nearby, on temporary trackage. 01. In the 1950s, South Side Jewish communities also formed in Jeffery Manor, Beverly, and Calumet Heights. 5:07 December 31. IND Subway (New York City): (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4060 is southbound at Wabash and Wacker, running on Route 4 Cottage Grove. Will Guy Fieri Cook The Bean Before It's Windexed? Do you recall the L that ran across Chicago Ave near Goldblatts in the 50s it crossed Chicago Ave between Ashland & Wood St. Im trying to find a photo but cant locate one. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 453 and 190 are on Halsted at 63rd Place on May 21, 1954. Chris Goes of Goes Lithography Co. had a plant at 61st Street beside the Dan Ryan. (Wien-Criss Archive), The Streetcar Waiting Room at Archer and Western on November 15, 1954. Squad cars block entrance to a block on Chicago's South Side after disturbances during which 10,000 persons milled about the area. Is BCD Travel a good company to work for. At the end of Shameless, Lip has decided to sell the Gallagher house for a mere $75,000 a far cry from the $250,000 he was offered by a developer before he pushed too hard and lost that deal. Order Our New Book Building Chicagos Subways Chicago Public Library, Harold Washington Library Center, Special Collections. The streetcar is running on the Halsted/Vincennes/111th St. line, heading northeast on Vincennes. Coverage spans 1839-1928 but no directories are available for 1840-1842, 1918-1922, and 1924-1927. They turned east on 63rd to Union Ave. (700 W.), then south to 63rd Place, then west to alongside (south of) the Halsted L station, then back north on Halsted. The first order to build rapid transit cars from PCC streetcars was in June 1953 for 150 cars; followed by a 100 car order in Feb. 1954, a 20 car order in Dec. 1954, an 80 car order in June 1955 and a 50 car order in Dec. 1955. Racially restrictive covenants were also common in the Chicago area, as in the rest of the country. Immigrants typically lived in inadequate housing near railroads and industryin bunk houses, boxcars, and section houses. The DNAinfo archives brought to you by WNYC.Read the press release here. This northeast corner was originally occupied by the long defunct Becker-Ryan Dept. Railroad Record Club North Shore Line Rarities 1955-1963 As a field interviewer I had to look for displaced residents from the projects. Chicago is one of the most segregated cities in the United States. They were simultaneously subject to predatory practices such as contract selling, in which realtors would deceive buyers into signing contracts to buy marked-up houses on installment with high interest rates and no guarantee of title. 03. 75 years since the State Street Subway opened (October 17, 1943) He would later say, I have been in the Civil Rights Movement for many years all through the South, but I have never seen not even in Alabama or Louisianamobs as hostile and hateful as this crowd. The Fair Housing Act was passed in 1968. The New York Times - August 2, 1964. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic512.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic530.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic534.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic535.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic544.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic555.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic558.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic556.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic566.jpg, https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic568.jpg, https://www.google.com/maps/@41.7788385,-87.6447587,3a,75y,3.14h,91.82t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sYcGafc7OK9fQ0w712doa2A!2e0!7i16384!8i8192, https://chicagology.com/wp-content/themes/revolution-20/century/194063rdhalsted.jpg. There are miscellanous directories available for later yearsbusiness directories and . (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4393 is on Western at 21st on July 6, 1950. This story was produced for WTTWS FIRSTHAND: SEGREGATION, an award-winning FIRSTHAND multiplatform, multi-year initiative focusing on the firsthand perspectives of people facing critical issues in Chicago. The 1919 Race Riots, which were part of the racial violence seen across the country during a period known as the Red Summer, were provoked by an attempt to enforce segregation in the waters of Lake Michigan. IIRC, Jalens Snack Shop, the new occupant, was up and running by the Summer of 54 and for many years after that. It radiates and lies south of the city's downtown area, the Chicago Loop . Up until the 1940s, Black residents were confined to this corridor, better known as the Black Belt, which ran along State Street roughly between Roosevelt Road (12th Street) and 79th Street. The rest of Madison was bussed. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7012 at Western and Congress, crossing over the new expressway, on June 11, 1956. What makes this picture so interesting is the road sign, Keep left of tracks. Thats because, precisely at this spot, the streetcar tracks moved off the street and onto private right-of-way between Vincennes Ave. and the main line of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific railroad. But when industrial employment dried up in the 1950s and '60s, it descended into poverty and crime. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 640 is running under the L on Halsted at 63rd Place on May 25, 1954. Great Photo Set! 16:26 sounds recorded on board a PCC (early 1950s) (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4037 is on Western at the Chicago River on June 10, 1956 just one week before the end of streetcar service on Route 49. But future waves of immigration in the mid-twentieth century and, later, in the 1980s and 90s bolstered their numbers in the city. It was converted to apartments in 1985. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic556.jpg The heart of the Englewood shopping district on Chicago's South Side, photographed looking north on Halsted Street from the 63rd Street elevated train platform, circa May 1945. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4060 is southbound on Western at 66th on October 9, 1955. Streetcars were on rails, so they could maintain such clearances. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic530.jpg They were in various neighborhood, suburbs. From the beginning, Chicagos demographic makeup was segregated by race and ethnicity along neighborhood boundaries and the physical features of the built and natural environment. Copyright 2009-2018, New York Public Radio. The interactive map shows that by the 1950s, Black residents had started to trickle into grade C or yellow-lined European immigrant neighborhoods on the West and Southeast sides. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic535.jpg While Chicago Housing Authority was right on target for claiming the programs of urban redevelopment, urban renewal and public housing which . This is now the outdoor seating area for a restaurant. Are We All Losing It? Many of the photos show the same area from a number of different angles, giving a snapshot early transportation worked and everyday life through a look at businesses, fashion, architecture and more. Keep up the excellent effort. The shots of Chicago will surprise you. 0:56 PCC car 1557, Route 20 Cabin John line, July 19, 1953 In the 1960s, the population of Chicago shrank dramatically. But CHA maintenance began to fall off quickly, and by the 1980s the War on Drugs and mass incarceration created crises of crime and concentrated poverty in the densely populated towers of the Robert Taylor Homes, adjacent Stateway Gardens, and Cabrini-Green. The city, which had been 85.9 percent white in 1950 and 76.4 percent in 1960, saw that proportion fall to 65.6 percent in 1970 and 49.6 percent in 1980. This view is looking south along Western at 71st St. Chicago Skyline Downtown Chicago Chicago Restaurants Chicago Illinois Chicago Area Chicago City White Castle Restaurant White Castle Hamburgers South Side Chicago Google view shows the approximate location from which #536 was taken. I lived in Portland, OR for 6 years and they still have street cars. The southeast corner building was nondescript, although at one point it was a Stineway drug store. Recent publications have variously mentioned that either 107th St. or 109th st. was the south end of the Halsted lines private right-of-way segment in this area. Chicago's historic South Side neighborhood is a largely residential community defined by its red brick houses and tree-shaded sidewalks. Poor neighborhoods were razed and replaced. The PCC is going to go northbound on Route 22 Clark-Wentworth. It's a glorious and sloppy mess, but one that represents home for many South Siders. Price: $15.99 08. 01. I wish they could just appreciate from afar without taking and still destroying everything in their way. I grew up on the South Side of Chicago in the 1950s and '60sliterally across the street from U.S. Steel. (Wien-Criss Archive), A CTA prewar PCC is on Western at Congress on June 11, 1956. 4:17 Car 306 (ex-AE&FRE), September 27, 1953 The Civic Opera House is to the left. 02. Residents enjoy close access to several major shopping destinations, particularly the 87th Street Center and the diverse selection of shops and restaurants along Cottage Grove Avenue. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7160, viewed from the Douglas Park L (todays Pink Line), is operating on Western at 21st on June 15, 1955. Disc One South Side Weekly partnered with WTTW and the Invisible Institute to co-publish text and visual reporting and analysis covering the impact racial divisions have on individuals, the city, and our region. At the turn of the twenty-first century, as the City realized the projects sat on prime real estate, then-Mayor Richard M. Daley introduced a plan to transform public housing in 1999. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 687 is at Division and Larrabee on May 17, 1954. The University of Illinois at Chicago's digital photo collections . (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 7057, a product of the St. Louis Car Company, is at Waveland and Halsted, the north end of Route 8. 05. The other bus company running from the south suburbs into Englewood was the Suburban Transit System, which ran primarily east and west along 95th St. out to Oak Lawn and beyond. From the Original Master Tapes You can help us continue our original transit research by checking out the fine products in our Online Store. Close to a third of Chicago neighborhoods were given a D grade and marked red on a mapthus, redlined. These areas, all of which were predominantly Black communities, were deemed undesirable, and residents from these neighborhoods were usually denied bank loans and insurance, severely limiting their housing prospects and mobility. Housing discrimination is still a significant problem in Chicago. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4008 is on Western at 65th on October 2, 1955. The Gallagher House is the home of the Gallagher Family. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 4154 is at Waveland and Halsted, the north end of Route 8. You can see the shadow of the now-gone Ogden Avenue viaduct at the bottom of the photo. Wonderful shots as usual. The Watch for Reopening sign in the window, visible just above the newsstand in the Humboldt Park L photo, makes me think this was taken in early 1954. Southside 1-1000 - 1950 is rated/received certificates of: Finland:K-16 Sweden:15 USA:Passed (National Board of Review) USA:Approved (PCA #14768) West Germany:16. (Wein-Criss Archive), Northbound CTA PCC 7206 is on Western Avenue, passing a two-car train of PCC rapid transit cars on the Garfield Park temporary trackage in Van Buren Street. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. CHA high-rises were stigmatized by the city and the media, which portrayed them as vertical drug-ridden ganglands. 1:39 Many immigrants were fleeing poverty and war, with many others coming to Chicago in pursuit of economic prosperity. To reach Englewood, this bus line ran east on 95th to Vincennes, north to 87th, west to Morgan, north to 63rd, then east to the Englewood L. The postwar relocation of urban whites, known as white flight, was facilitated by the new expressways that connected them to the developing suburbs west of the city limits, where Black, Latinx, and the growing Asian population were kept out. Chicago South Side 1940s-1950s - Untitled During the 1940s & 50s During the 1940s and 50s, the South Side of Chicago, was the creatively teeming area called Bronzeville This was the home to poet Gwendolyn Brooks, playwright Richard Wright and dancer Katherine Dunham, and a lot more. Where is Rembrandt in The Night Watch painting? Jimmy Emery from Chicago Heights was particularly involved, as written in the preceding article. (Source: A. Note the dark areas where some touch-up painting has been done on the PCC. This is post 1 of 6 in the series FIRSTHAND: SEGREGATION. It appears that the street has already been made a one-way, which did not happen until November 16, 1953. In 1991 the Chicago White Sox began to play in a new Comiskey Park across the street from the old stadium. Note the difference in fonts used for the numbers. With its neighborhoods, parks, museums, and universities, the South Side continues to play an important role in the social, cultural, political, and economic life of the city. 04. The Union Stock Yard finally closed its doors on August 1, 1971, after nearly 106 years of operation. You can find those pages on the Newberry Library's Chicago Ancestors website.. This is one reason why the CTA began repainting these cars with a darker green around 1951-52. 4:13 Loco #12 That would be the old Paulina L that ran to Logan Square and Humboldt Park from 1895 to 1951. In the Windy City, jazz started out in small local clubs on the South Side. Black residents did not enjoy the same geographic freedom. 1. Recorded between 1955 and 1963 on the Skokie Valley Route and Mundelein branch. From the 1920s through the 1950s, Chicagos South Side was the center for African-American culture and business. So the suburban bus line went as far as 63rd Place and Halsted (next to the L station). (Wien-Criss Archive), Here, a CTA Pullman PCC is northbound on Clark at Roosevelt Road. The big building on other side is the old Madison carbarn. 01. Despite the high-stakes campaign led by the Young Lords and the Rainbow Coalition against the Citys urban renewal plan, they were priced out and pushed to Humboldt Park and Hermosa, and in recent years they have been partially displaced again by new development. We look forward to hearing from you. Early 1960s: Unequal learning opportunities lead parents in Chicago's South Side to protest public school . Capital Transit: Railroad Record Club Traction Rarities 1951-58 Total time: 79:30 Perhaps there was a parade on State Street that day (between 1939 and 1949 there was no State Street bridge, and this would have been the regular route for 36 then). 2. Children listen attentively at Hollstein School in 1952. 08. In any case, thanks again for all you offer on this website. Chicago's South Side in black & white May 12, 2016 SJNN By Alden Loury Looking West down 79th Street at Western Ave, Chicago, IL. $5 from the sale of each set will go to Kenneth Gear, who has invested thousands of dollars to purchase all the remaining artifacts relating to William A. Steventons Railroad Record Club of Hawkins, WI. Still have street cars far as 63rd Place and Halsted ( next to the left Ancestors. The CTA began repainting these cars with a darker green around 1951-52 Ogden Avenue viaduct at the Douglas L! Old Madison carbarn years of operation out in small local clubs on South... 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