[33], In September 1865, Hickok came in second in the election for city marshal of Springfield. They traveled to Deadwood, South Dakota, together and were acquaintances, but there is no evidence of a romance (especially on his part). Overall, it was reported that Hickok had killed over 100 men during his lifetime. I heard him speak recently, and his is the definitive work on this wild woman of the West. They traveled to Deadwood, South Dakota, together and were acquaintances, but there is no evidence of a romance (especially on his part). She said she was the daughter of Jane and Wild Bill Hickok, and was born in a cabin near Livingston, Montana in 1873. He was born James Butler Hickok on 27 May 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois. was advancing on him with a drawn pistol and that Tutt had previously made threats of personal injury to Deft. In real life, Calamity Jane (Martha Jane Canary) never met 'Doc' Holliday: she actually was in love and pursued 'Wild Bill' Hickock. He is now at Yankton, D.T. In an 1871 account that changed his life, Hickok was reportedly involved in a shootout with saloon owner Phil Coe. In the melee that followed, Hickok shot Woods, who, most historians agree, was then attacked and ultimately killed with a hoe by Mrs. Wellman. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Author McClaird theorised that Jessie, who had no birth certificate, said what she had to in order to receive financial assistance at her last residence in California. In the melee, Hickok caught a glimpse of someone moving towards him and responded with two shots killing his deputy Mike Williams. 10 in Deadwood, Dakota Territory. This was during the Indian Wars, in which Hickok sometimes served as a scout for General George A. Custer's 7th Cavalry. Just weeks later, on her deathbed in Terry, South Dakota, Jane confessed that she and Jessie were now estranged and declined to say where her daughter was living. His work included identifying and counting the number of troops in uniform who were drinking while on duty, verifying hotel liquor licenses, and tracking down individuals who owed money to the cash-strapped Union Army. ", Rosa, Joseph G. (1977). Jack McCall. Less than a month after Hickok's death, the trial was found to have no legal status because Deadwood was located in Indian Territory - McCall's acquittal was deemed invalid. [77][78] A print of the film is maintained in the Museum of Modern Art film archive.[79]. A former cavalryman, J.W. He was sentenced to death on January 3, 1877 and on March 1, 1877 he was executed by hanging. McCormick claimed that ONeil offered to adopt her, taking she and her mother to meet his wife in Omaha. They even did a stint abroad, performing for one season in Germany in 1862. This was his sixth murder. He is said to have wrestled a bear [7] Photographs of Hickok appear to depict dark hair, but all contemporaneous descriptions affirm that it was red. Mulvey angrily declared that he had come to town to kill Hickok. Col. George Armstrong Custer. "Wild Bill's Sweetheart: The Life of Mary Jane Owens. [69] In 1979, Hickok was inducted into the Poker Hall of Fame. Take that!" In 1941, Jean Hickok McCormick appeared in Billings, Montana. That belief came from the fertile imaginations of othersespecially Jean McCormick, who claimed to be the daughter of the legendary pair. Both parents were reputed to be unsavory, involved in petty crimes and often financially destitute. It is believed that McCanles arrived at the station with his son, Monroe; his cousin, James Woods; and James Gordon, a man in his service. Hickok encouraged McCall to quit the game until he could cover his losses and offered to give him money for breakfast. Red objects generally appear black in early photographs, as the photographic processes were insensitive to red light. He is chiefly portrayed as a protagonist, although historical accounts of his actions are often controversial, and much of his career is known to have been exaggerated both by himself and by contemporary mythmakers. [81], Hickok's birthplace is now the Wild Bill Hickok Memorial and is a listed historic site under the supervision of the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency. Jean McCormick was the daughter of Jane "Calamity Jane" Cannary and James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok. Wild Bill - Tom Clavin 2019-02-05 The denitive true story of Wild Bill, the rst lawman of the Wild West, by the #1 New York Times bestselling author of Dodge City. "[55], On March 5, 1876, Hickok married Agnes Thatcher Lake, a 50-year-old circus proprietor in Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory. In July 1865, "Wild Bill" Hickok shot and killed Davis Tutt in Springeld, MOthe rst quick-draw duel on the frontier. The Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok was a 1950s TV series starring Guy Madison and Andy Devine. In 1876, Wild Bill Hickok was suffering from glaucoma. Burke she had enrolled Jessie in the school. In an instant, he pulled the triggers again sending two bullets into Coe's abdomen (Coe lived a day or two) and whirling with his two guns drawn on the drunken crowd of cowboys, "and now do any of you fellows want the rest of these bullets?" August 18, 1876, image 3", "Jack McCall Cowardly Killer of Wild Bill Hickok", "American Wonder Wild Bill Hickok Shot and Killed from Behind on This Day in History", Bozeman Avant Courier, December 22, 1876, image 1, testimony of George M. Shingle, "Riverboat captain 'carried' bullet that killed Hickok", "Jack McCall and the Murder of Wild Bill Hickok", "Wild Bill Hickok: Pistoleer, Peace Officer and Folk Hero", Photograph of Wild Bill Hickok's Colt Model 1851 Navys, "Wild Bill Hickok's Smith & Wesson No. [82], At the time of this affair I was at a station farther west and reached this station just as Wild Bill was getting ready to go to Beatrice for his trial. He left his wife a few months later to seek his fortune in the goldfields of South Dakota. On the afternoon of August 2, 1876, he was playing cards with his back to the door, something he seldom did. The town of Deadwood, South Dakota, re-enacts Hickok's murder and McCall's capture every summer evening. Martha Jane Cannary (May 1, 1852 - August 1, 1903), better known as Calamity Jane, was an American frontierswoman, sharpshooter, and storyteller. . Behind the mission, arent those the Santa Catalina Mountains? It is a loose adaptation of Hickok's life, ending with his famous aces-and-eights card hand. [citation needed], On August 1, 1876, Hickok was playing poker at Nuttal & Mann's Saloon No. Against the bloody backdrop of the uniquely volatile point in history, both killers earned a reputation for viciousness. Relegated to making a living through other means than law enforcement, he traveled from one town to another as a gambler. [58] Jane confirmed this account in an 1896 newspaper interview, although she claimed she had been hospitalized with illness rather than in the guardhouse. The original wooden grave marker was moved to the new site, but by 1891, it had been destroyed by souvenir hunters whittling pieces from it, and it was replaced with a statue. ", Rosa, Joseph G. (1982). (If said child had actually existed, he or she was said to . He was released on $2,000 bail and stood trial on August 3, 1865. He reported returning with five prisoners after killing 10. [9][41], The second killed by Hickok was Samuel Strawhun, a cowboy, who was causing a disturbance in a saloon at 1:00 am on September 27, when Hickok and Lanihan went to the scene. Some contemporaneous reports of his exploits are known to be fictitious, but they remain the basis of much of his fame and reputation. [54], Charles Snyder, the Lucien Howe Librarian of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, said "Granular conjunctivitis, ophtalmia, trachomacall it what you willwas common on the Western Frontier. Circa 1890. This was the last time Hickok was ever involved in a gunfight; the accidental death of Deputy Williams was an event that haunted Hickok for the remainder of his life. Hickok may have been acting sheriff before he was elected; a newspaper reported that he arrested offenders on August 18, and the commander of Fort Hays wrote a letter to the assistant adjutant general on August 21 in which he praised Hickok for his work in apprehending deserters. Wild Bill Hickok was born on May 27, 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois. By the age of 17, he was an excellent marksman. Hickok moved to Leavenworth in the Kansas Territory, where he joined Jim Lane's Free State Army (also known as the Jayhawkers), an antislavery vigilante group active in the new territory during the Bleeding Kansas era. This cemetery filled quickly, and in 1879, on the third anniversary of Hickok's original burial, Utter paid to move Hickok's remains to the new Mount Moriah Cemetery. [36][37], In December 1867, newspapers reported that Hickok had come to stay in Hays City, Kansas. He then joined General James Henry Lane's Kansas Brigade, and while serving with the brigade, saw his friend Buffalo Bill Cody, who was serving as a scout. A highly fictional film account of Hickok's later years and death, titled Wild Bill (1995), stars Jeff Bridges as Hickok and David Arquette as Jack McCall, and was written and directed by Walter Hill. The couple had five children besides James Butler, three boys and two girls. His reputation as a gunfighter gave rise to legends and tales about his life. How Did Wild Bill Hickok Die? Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. Few could help her verify the truth, and Jean McCormick was of little help. McCanles may have been the first man Hickok killed. [c] However, if they felt the threat of danger was real and imminent, he instructed they could apply the unwritten law of the "fair fight" and acquit. [citation needed], Buffalo Bill claimed that he encountered Hickok disguised as a Confederate officer in Missouri in 1864. One account of him, written in the late 1860s, described Hickok as six feet tall, lithe, active, sinewy, [a] daring rider, [a] dead shot with pistol and rifle, [with] long locks, fine features and mustache, buckskin leggings, red shirt, broad-brim hat, twin pistols in belt, rifle in hand. Despite his rough-and-ready ways, Hickok was also said to have been genteel and courteous and to have enjoyed dressing with panache in the latest styles of the day. Paramount Pictures' Western silent film Wild Bill Hickok (released on November 18, 1923) was directed by Clifford Smith and stars William S. Hart as Hickok. He was one of the early heroes of the West popularized in the dime novels of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. She was the eldest of as many as six children born to Robert and Charlotte (Burch) Cannary. August marks of the deaths of two of the Wild West's most famous figures: Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane. In 1941, Jean Hickok McCormick appeared in Billings, Montana. Nick McGlashan had two children, Lennyn Annette Richardson of Unalaska (7) and Kane Wilder Hammond of Port Townsend, WA (1). Some said the two men fought over a card game, while others attributed the duel to competition for the attention of a woman named Susannah Moore. As a result, calcium carbonate from the surrounding soil had replaced the flesh, leading to petrifaction. [25][26]:136 Hickok had not been paid for some time, and was hired as a scout by General John B. Sanborn by early 1865. A legend during his life and considered one of the American west's premier gunfighters, James Butler ("Wild Bill") Hickok was born May 27, 1837, in Troy Grove, Illinois. James Butler Hickok, better known as " Wild Bill ," was a wagon master, soldier, scout, lawman, gunfighter, gambler, showman, and actor well-known in the American West. "[46] Hoping to intimidate Hickok, Coe allegedly stated that he could "kill a crow on the wing". By the end of 1861, he was a wagon master, but in September 1862, he was discharged for unknown reasons. When he saw Hickok, he leveled his cocked rifle at him. But although there was an uncanny resemblance between the two, plus stories of Jane visiting the child, Shadley lacked any documentation to back up her claim. [43], On April 15, 1871, Hickok became marshal of Abilene, Kansas. The story quickly became newspaper and magazine fodder. "[56], Martha Jane Cannary, known popularly as Calamity Jane, claimed in her autobiography that she was married to Hickok and had divorced him so he could be free to marry Agnes Lake, but no records that support her account have been found. Last, there is Jessiethe most credible of Calamity Janes daughters. Wikimedia Commons Calamity Jane poses in front of Wild Bill Hickok's grave. Famous Cowgirls. Like his friend Buffalo Bill Cody, Hickok was the son of an abolitionist. Tutt reached for his pistol but Hickok was the first to draw his weapon, and shot Tutt instantly, from approximately 75 yards. Hickok's brother, Lorenzo Butler, traveled from Illinois to attend the retrial. Hickok, just a stable-hand at the time, killed the three men, despite being severely injured. The episode correctly relates Hickok's vision problems late in his life, and also includes his murderer, Jack McCall, in a highly fictionalized role. In the episode Dillon and Hickok are old friends. Wild Bill Hickok, byname of James Butler Hickok, (born May 27, 1837, Homer [now Troy Grove], Illinois, U.S.died August 2, 1876, Deadwood, Dakota Territory [now in South Dakota, U.S.]), American frontiersman, army scout, and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. Nicholss version of the shootout in Harpers grabbed the publics attention, making Hickok an instant legend whose gunfighting prowess became fodder for dime novels. Jane had been hired to travel with Kohl & Middleton Dime Museums; as she purchased her ticket out of town she told railroad agent A.O. His parents were William Alonzo Hickok and Polly Butler. https . What do you know about Pete Spence, a member of the Cowboys of Tombstone? But by January 1903 she was back with her mother once more, a fact verified by the Belle Fourche Bee in South Dakota. Upon Hickoks arrival, she told him that a Confederate gang led by McCanles was pursuing him, and almost immediately they were set upon by the Confederates. The charge was later reduced to manslaughter. [18] On March 22, 1858, he was elected one of the first four constables of Monticello Township. The first was Bill Mulvey, who was rampaging through town, drunk, shooting out mirrors and whisky bottles behind bars. The next child, also named Lorenzo Butler Hickok, was born in November of 1832. She claims to have known James Hickok, known as "Wild Bill" Hickok, and she is thought to have traveled with him for several years. As a very young boy, Bill was born to father William Alonzo Hickok and mother Polly Butler. While at Castle City Jane went to Gilt Edge, some two hundred miles away, where she was jailed for being drunk. Bonhams auction company offered this pistol at auction on November 18, 2013, in San Francisco, California,[75] described as Hickok's Smith & Wesson No. At the time, shooting stray dogs within city limits was legal, and a 50-cent bounty was paid by the city for each one shot. [25] The 1883 History of Greene County, Missouri described him as "by nature a ruffian a drunken, swaggering fellow, who delighted when 'on a spree' to frighten nervous men and timid women. The enclosure was cut open by souvenir hunters in the 1950s, and the statue was removed.[71]. Did Nick McGlashan have a family? Alonzo and Polly Hickok moved to Illinois in 1833, finally settling in Troy Grove (known as Homer at the time), LaSalle County, along the banks of the Little Vermillion Creek. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. In any case, Hardin appeared to have thought highly of Hickok. The wagon train arrived in Deadwood in July 1876. That derisive nickname may have been given to him by David McCanles, who had sold the buildings that became the Pony Expresss Rock Creek station, on credit, to Russell, Majors and Waddell. Wild Bill Hickok is remembered for his services in Kansas as sheriff of Hays City and marshal of Abilene, where his ironhanded rule helped to tame two of the most lawless towns on the frontier. She has been labeled a scout, freighter, and gambler, a drunken dance hall queen and prostitute. Shes all Ive got to live fer; shes my only comfort [sic]. Fox described Jessie as neatly dressed but shy and embarrassed. Yet she had a bright face, and her manners were very good for one whose opportunities had been so few.. In the film version, Howard Keel co-stars as Hickok to Doris Day's Calamity Jane. 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