It . SS. 1: PG 98 (6), 340-348; Serm. in dorm. Magno gaudio, 23 maii 1964: AAS 56 (1964) p. 566. 3-16; Download Chapter 2: The Fate of Collegiality in the Postconciliar Church; pp. Conc. Mc lc. However, it is not understood as some kind of vague disposition, but as an organic reality which requires a juridical form and is animated by charity. Any institute of perfection and its individual members may be removed from the jurisdiction of the local Ordinaries by the Supreme Pontiff and subjected to himself alone. . Hence the Church, in her apostolic work also, justly looks to her, who, conceived of the Holy Spirit, brought forth Christ, who was born of the Virgin that through the Church He may be born and may increase in the hearts of the faithful also. He did this that He might sanctify her. Tertullianus, Exhort. Epist. Pius XI, Litt. 247-248. 2, 4: PG 62, 612: Saccrdos est symbolon . Pius XII, Litt. 6, Decretum de iustificatione, can. (4*) This consecration will be the more perfect, in as much as the indissoluble bond of the union of Christ and His bride, the Church, is represented by firm and more stable bonds. Isaac de Stella, Serm. This was the way certain men and women assisted Paul the Apostle in the Gospel, laboring much in the Lord. (14) Cfr. 62, a. "(84) By the power of the risen Lord it is given strength that it might, in patience and in love, overcome its sorrows and its challenges, both within itself and from without, and that it might reveal to the world, faithfully though darkly, the mystery of its Lord until, in the end, it will be manifested in full light. dogm. Serm. He guides the Church in the way of all truth (cf. Vat. 2: col. 357. Encycl. (11*) In the lives of those who, sharing in our humanity, are however more perfectly transformed into the image of Christ,(275) God vividly manifests His presence and His face to men. S. Pius X, Exhort. Summary of Lumen Gentium - Dogmatic Constitution of the Church . Phil. For, as St. Irenaeus says, she "being obedient, became the cause of salvation for herself and for the whole human race. (11) Cfr. Let them follow the example of Christ, who by His obedience even unto death, opened to all men the blessed way of the liberty of the children of God. (230) From the earliest times, then, some Christians have been called uponand some will always be called uponto give the supreme testimony of this love to all men, but especially to persecutors. They should embue their offspring, lovingly welcomed as God's gift, with Christian doctrine and the evangelical virtues. 1 et 5. 22. (161) To fulfill this mission, Christ the Lord promised the Holy Spirit to the Apostles, and on Pentecost day sent the Spirit from heaven, by whose power they would be witnesses to Him before the nations and peoples and kings even to the ends of the earth. (214) He united her to Himself as His own body and brought it to perfection by the gift of the Holy Spirit for God's glory. ON THE HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE OF THE CHURCH AND IN PARTICULAR ON THE EPISCOPATE. Encycl. It was the last and longest published document from the council and is the first constitution published by an ecumenical council to address the entire world. Among the principal duties of bishops the preaching of the Gospel occupies an eminent place. 67. (55*). De Sacra Liturgia, cap. And for this reason the apostles, appointed as rulers in this society, took care to appoint successors. De perf . 24:45-48; Jn. (35*) From this it follows that the individual bishops, insofar as their own discharge of their duty permits, are obliged to enter into a community of work among themselves and with the successor of Peter, upon whom was imposed in a special way the great duty of spreading the Christian name. Since the Church is in Christ like a sacrament or as a sign and instrument both of a very closely knit union with God and of the unity of the whole human race, it desires now to unfold more fully to the faithful of the Church and to the whole world its own inner nature and universal mission. Pius XII, Alloc. (290), 58. Opera, Quaracchi, t. 8, 1898, p. 245 a. 3, 7: PL 2, 357 C, CSEL 47, 3 p. 386. When we look at the lives of those who have faithfully followed Christ, we are inspired with a new reason for seeking the City that is to come (274) and at the same time we are shown a most safe path by which among the vicissitudes of this world, in keeping with the state in life and condition proper to each of us, we will be able to arrive at perfect union with Christ, that is, perfect holiness. (13) Cfr. 7; Ed. (24) Cfr. (5) Cfr. : Denz. 2. (12) Cfr. dogm. For charity, as the bond of perfection and the fullness of the law,(229) rules over all the means of attaining holiness and gives life to these same means. She is "the mother of the members of Christ . It is true that those in holy orders can at times be engaged in secular activities, and even have a secular profession. Apost. Let him do this for the increased holiness of the Church, for the greater glory of the one and undivided Trinity, which in and through Christ is the fount and the source of all holiness. Pius XII, Litt. (6) Cfr. I, ib. Fidei Donum, 1. c. (36) Leo XIII, Litt. It is intended to be used alongside the original document to facilitate individual reflection and group discussion. For even though it sometimes happens that religious do not directly mingle with their contemporaries, yet in a more profound sense these same religious are united with them in the heart of Christ and spiritually cooperate with them. 9:45): in view of the divine choice, they are . Dei Filius, 3: Denz. Fully conscious of this communion of the whole Mystical Body of Jesus Christ, the pilgrim Church from the very first ages of the Christian religion has cultivated with great piety the memory of the dead,(6*) and "because it is a holy and wholesome thought to pray for the dead that they may be loosed from their sins",(273) also offers suffrages for them. They live in the ordinary circumstances of family and social life, from which the very web of their existence is woven. Encycl. (29) 1978 a (3370) . Encycl. (13) In them He prays on their behalf and bears witness to the fact that they are adopted sons. (64) Cfr. His mind and will in the matter may be known either from the character of the documents, from his frequent repetition of the same doctrine, or from his manner of speaking. (59*) Their power, therefore, is not destroyed by the supreme and universal power, but on the contrary it is affirmed, strengthened and vindicated by it,(60*) since the Holy Spirit unfailingly preserves the form of government established by Christ the Lord in His Church. Rom. (33) Cfr. (254) Since however we know not the day nor the hour, on Our Lord's advice we must be constantly vigilant so that, having finished the course of our earthly life,(255) we may merit to enter into the marriage feast with Him and to be numbered among the blessed(256) and that we may not be ordered to go into eternal fire(257) like the wicked and slothful servant,(258) into the exterior darkness where "there will be the weeping and the gnashing of teeth". In this temporal service, they will manifest to all men the love with which God loved the world. dogm. By reason of it, the Catholic Church strives constantly and with due effect to bring all humanity and all its possessions back to its source In Christ, with Him as its head and united in His Spirit. Apost. 3. n. 67. (2*) For by reason of the fact that those in heaven are more closely united with Christ, they establish the whole Church more firmly in holiness, lend nobility to the worship which the Church offers to God here on earth and in many ways contribute to its greater edification. (227) But, God pours out his love into our hearts through the Holy Spirit, Who has been given to us;(228) thus the first and most necessary gift is love, by which we love God above all things and our neighbor because of God. 1, I, i, p. 22. 218 (3642). 14, 3: PL 9, 206; CSEL 22, p. 86. Encycl. The phrase "with the consent of its head" is used to avoid the idea of dependence on some kind of outsider; the term "consent" suggests rather communion between the head and the members, and implies the need for an act which belongs properly to the competence of the head. Pro documentis liturgicis, cfr. (112) Through it, the people of God adheres unwaveringly to the faith given once and for all to the saints,(113) penetrates it more deeply with right thinking, and applies it more fully in its life. There is, therefore, in Christ and in the Church no inequality on the basis of race or nationality, social condition or sex, because "there is neither Jew nor Greek: there is neither bond nor free: there is neither male nor female. While it slowly grows, the Church strains toward the completed Kingdom and, with all its strength, hopes and desires to be united in glory with its King. 1. 1896; AAS 28 (1895-96) pp. All the faithful, scattered though they be throughout the world, are in communion with each other in the Holy Spirit, and so, he who dwells in Rome knows that the people of India are his members"(9*). (248) And therefore "while we are in the body, we are exiled from the Lord (249) and having the first-fruits of the Spirit we groan within ourselves(250) and we desire to be with Christ"'. The Head of this Body is Christ. 5, 1: ed. By reason of the gift and role of divine maternity, by which she is united with her Son, the Redeemer, and with His singular graces and functions, the Blessed Virgin is also intimately united with the Church. But they are by reason of their particular vocation especially and professedly ordained to the sacred ministry. 85, 24: PL 37, 1095 S. Hieronymus, Liber contra Vigl lantium, b: PL 23, 344. 2 in Annunt., 18: PG 87 (3), 3237 BD. Relatio Zinelli: Mand 1 2, 1114 D. (61) Cfr. 3, ad 1. (63*) Priests, although they do not possess the highest degree of the priesthood, and although they are dependent on the bishops in the exercise of their power, nevertheless they are united with the bishops in sacerdotal dignity. S. Augustinus, De Dono Persev. I-II, q. Iconocl. (50) Cfr. In dorm. For no creature could ever be counted as equal with the Incarnate Word and Redeemer. The task of proclaiming the Gospel everywhere on earth pertains to the body of pastors, to all of whom in common Christ gave His command, thereby imposing upon them a common duty, as Pope Celestine in his time recommended to the Fathers of the Council of Ephesus. Gelasius I, Decretalis De libris recipiendis, 3: PL 59, 160, Denz. (64), From Him "the whole body, supplied and built up by joints and ligaments, attains a growth that is of God". These people follow the poor Christ, the humble and cross-bearing Christ in order to be worthy of being sharers in His glory. (desumpta ex.S. It was in Him, before the foundation of the world, that the Father chose us and predestined us to become adopted sons, for in Him it pleased the Father to re-establish all things. Encycl. 1821 (3050 s.). Verified Purchase. (237) At that time the human race as well as the entire world, which is intimately related to man and attains to its end through him, will be perfectly reestablished in Christ. 232, 2: col. 1108. (3) He planned to assemble in the holy Church all those who would believe in Christ. 5 ed. 64. They lovingly believe in God the Father Almighty and in Christ, the Son of God and Saviour. S. Thomas, Summa Theol. (9) Cfr. (12) Cfr. Conc. 4, 3: PL 54, 151 A. 9, 375-396. 13, 7: Eccli 44-50, Nebr. (4) To carry out the will of the Father, Christ inaugurated the Kingdom of heaven on earth and revealed to us the mystery of that kingdom. : PL 16, 320. For those who believe in Christ, who are reborn not from a perishable but from an imperishable seed through the word of the living God,(88) not from the flesh but from water and the Holy Spirit,(89) are finally established as "a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a purchased people . Attentively in Christ, let them consider with fatherly love the projects, suggestions and desires proposed by the laity. V, c. 2, n. 9; et Sess. For all who are in Christ, having His Spirit, form one Church and cleave together in Him. At all times and in every race God has given welcome to whosoever fears Him and does what is right. Encycl. S. Hilarius Pict., In Mt 23, 6: PL 9, 1047. Leo XIII, Epist. (52) Really partaking of the body of the Lord in the breaking of the Eucharistic bread, we are taken up into communion with Him and with one another. A question has arisen regarding the precise theological note which should be attached to the doctrine that is set forth in the Schema de Ecclesia and is being put to a vote. Cfr. (15) Cfr. (39*) For bishops are preachers of the faith, who lead new disciples to Christ, and they are authentic teachers, that is, teachers endowed with the authority of Christ, who preach to the people committed to them the faith they must believe and put into practice, and by the light of the Holy Spirit illustrate that faith. . I, Sess. The obligation of spreading the faith is imposed on every disciple of Christ, according to his state. Nic.-Const. 4. 4 Const. Christ the Lord, High Priest taken from among men,(100) made the new people "a kingdom and priests to God the Father". The Christian family loudly proclaims both the present virtues of the Kingdom of God and the hope of a blessed life to come. Funk, I, p. 241. Apost. Let no one think that religious have become strangers to their fellowmen or useless citizens of this earthly city by their consecration. 66. Eccl. Brief History. Moreover, let the laity also by their combined efforts remedy the customs and conditions of the world, if they are an inducement to sin, so that they all may be conformed to the norms of justice and may favor the practice of virtue rather than hinder it. Sources Chret., pp. Wherefore this people, while remaining one and only one, is to be spread throughout the whole world and must exist in all ages, so that the decree of God's will may be fulfilled. The Church recognizes that in many ways she is linked with those who, being baptized, are honored with the name of Christian, though they do not profess the faith in its entirety or do not preserve unity of communion with the successor of Peter. The counsels are a divine gift, which the Church received from its Lord and which it always safeguards with the help of His grace. I will give my law in their bowels, and I will write it in their heart, and I will be their God, and they shall be my people . (72) Ordo consecrationis sacerdotalis in praefatione. Encycl Orientalis Ecclesiae, 9 apr. Cfr. crit. In the first place amongst these there are the Muslims, who, professing to hold the faith of Abraham, along with us adore the one and merciful God, who on the last day will judge mankind. For this too God sent the Spirit of His Son as Lord and Life-giver. Ecclesiam Dei, 12 nov. 1923: AAS 15 (1923) p. 581. (4*), II. They must assist each other to live holier lives even in their daily occupations. (22*) But it exhorts theologians and preachers of the divine word to abstain zealously both from all gross exaggerations as well as from petty narrow-mindedness in considering the singular dignity of the Mother of God. Sacrosanctum Concilium, Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, 1963. (47) Conc. V, 23-24: GCS 11, 1, p. 488 ss. Haer. Chrysostomus, In Ps. Florentinum, Decretum pro Graecis: Denz. In this way the building up of the earthly city may have its foundation in the Lord and may tend toward Him, lest perhaps those who build this city shall have labored in vain. Therefore, since they are tightly bound up in all types of temporal affairs it is their special task to order and to throw light upon these affairs in such a way that they may come into being and then continually increase according to Christ to the praise of the Creator and the Redeemer. (19*), 51. (2) Praeter documenta antiquiora contra quamlibet formam evocationis spirituum inde ab Alexandro IV (27 sept. 1958), cfr Encycl. Pius XII, Alloc. In this kingdom creation itself will be delivered from its slavery to corruption into the freedom of the glory of the sons of God. Over the course of history, by reason of the fact that the Church is a mystery, scholars have used Scriptural images such as the mystical body, sheepfold and cultivated field, as a means . Constantinopolitanum II, ib. Tonneau, pp. Assignatos sibi greges singuli singulos Christi nomine pascunt et regunt. Wishing in His supreme goodness and wisdom to effect the redemption of the world, "when the fullness of time came, God sent His Son, born of a womanthat we might receive the adoption of sons". This He does in such a way that His work could be compared by the holy Fathers with the function which the principle of life, that is, the soul, fulfills in the human body. These in their turn should enthusiastically lend their joint assistance to their pastors and teachers. (8*) Thus, as St. Irenaeus testifies, through those who were appointed bishops by the apostles, and through their successors down in our own time, the apostolic tradition is manifested (9*) and preserved. Thus, as those everywhere who adore in holy activity, the laity consecrate the world itself to God. B. V. Mariae, Hom. (22) Before all things, however, the Kingdom is clearly visible in the very Person of Christ, the Son of God and the Son of Man, who came "to serve and to give His life as a ransom for many:"(23). (115) These charisms, whether they be the more outstanding or the more simple and widely diffused, are to be received with thanksgiving and consolation for they are perfectly suited to and useful for the needs of the Church. For it must be admitted that the temporal sphere is governed by its own principles, since it is rightly concerned with the interests of this world. Encycl. Vat. 3, q. Dogmatic Constitution on the Church: Lumen Gentium [Vatican II, Lumen Gentium] on Amazon.com. - Conc. In this manner, through the members of the Church, will Christ progressively illumine the whole of human society with His saving light. It does all it can to relieve their need and in them it strives to serve Christ. 63: PL 16, 1218. S. Ignatius M., Smyrn 8, 1: ed. "(23*) On the other hand, let them teach the faithful that our communion with those in heaven, provided that it is understood in the fuller light of faith according to its genuine nature, in no way weakens, but conversely, more thoroughly enriches the latreutic worship we give to God the Father, through Christ, in the Spirit. Mystici Corporis: AAS 35 (1943) p. 245. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., p. 211: . Immortale Dei, 1 nov. 188S: ASS 18 (188S) p. 166 ss. Hence, one is constituted a member of the Episcopal body in virtue of sacramental consecration and hierarchical communion with the head and members of the body. 121-122: Tribuas eis, Domine, cathedram episcopalem ad regendam Ecclesiam tuam et plebem universam.. Cfr. De Sacra Liturgia, cap. (259) For before we reign with Christ in glory, all of us will be made manifest "before the tribunal of Christ, so that each one may receive what he has won through the body, according to his works, whether good or evil"(260) and at the end of the world "they who have done good shall come forth unto resurrection of life; but those who have done evil unto resurrection of judgment". Paul's priorities map closely with those of the Second Vatican Council, which was ongoing at the time he wrote the encyclical, and many of the themes introduced in the encyclical are further elaborated in the documents of the council, such as Lumen Gentium on the nature of the church, Gaudium et Spes on the relationship between the church and . For all of them shall know Me, from the least of them even to the greatest, saith the Lord. In the latter instance, without the action of the head, the bishops are not able to act as a College: this is clear from the concept of "College." They should ever nourish and strengthen their action from an abundance of contemplation, doing all this for the comfort of the entire Church of God. In the midst of the flock they adore Him in spirit and in truth. This hierarchical communion of all the bishops with the Supreme Pontiff is certainly firmly established in Tradition. Lumen gentium explained. virg. 1943: ASS 35 (1943) p. 209 et 212. Decr. 16:13) and unifying her in communion and in the works of ministry, he bestows upon her varied hierarchic and charismatic gifts, and in . 2. Vaticanum Const. (128) Those also can attain to salvation who through no fault of their own do not know the Gospel of Christ or His Church, yet sincerely seek God and moved by grace strive by their deeds to do His will as it is known to them through the dictates of conscience. 6, 1; Ed. 1947: AAS 39 (1947) p. 117. (13) Cfr. 45. (80) Similarly, the Church encompasses with love all who are afflicted with human suffering and in the poor and afflicted sees the image of its poor and suffering Founder. Pius XI, Const. The present-day conditions of the world add greater urgency to this work of the Church so that all men, joined more closely today by various social, technical and cultural ties, might also attain fuller unity in Christ. (14) Quoad gratitudinem erga ipsos Sanctos, cfr. (14) S. Augustinus, Civ. Likewise, the holiness of the Church is fostered in a special way by the observance of the counsels proposed in the Gospel by Our Lord to His disciples. (252) We strive therefore to please God in all things(253) and we put on the armor of God, that we may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil and resist in the evil day. Education, Spirituality, Vatican II. Finally, those who engage in laborand frequently it is of a heavy natureshould better themselves by their human labors. Iur. (2) Cfr. THE ESCHATOLOGICAL NATURE OF THE PILGRIM CHURCH AND ITS UNION WITH THE CHURCH IN HEAVEN, 48. 2. Though they differ from one another in essence and not only in degree, the common priesthood of the faithful and the ministerial or hierarchical priesthood are nonetheless interrelated: each of them in its own special way is a participation in the one priesthood of Christ. Modus 81. The Church has always believed that the apostles and Christ's martyrs who had given the supreme witness of faith and charity by the shedding of their blood, are closely joined with us in Christ, and she has always venerated them with special devotion, together with the Blessed Virgin Mary and the holy angels. This maternity of Mary in the order of grace began with the consent which she gave in faith at the Annunciation and which she sustained without wavering beneath the cross, and lasts until the eternal fulfillment of all the elect. These laymen spend themselves completely in apostolic labors, working the Lord's field with much success.(10*). (209) Clearly then a great promise and a great trust is committed to the disciples: "All things are yours, and you are Christ's, and Christ is God's".(210). 66, 8: Hartel 111, 2, p. 733: .. Episcopus in Ecclesia et Ecclesia in Episcopo .. (32) Cfr. 633-636; Denz. Alloc. (163), The canonical mission of bishops can come about by legitimate customs that have not been revoked by the supreme and universal authority of the Church, or by laws made or recognized be that the authority, or directly through the successor of Peter himself; and if the latter refuses or denies apostolic communion, such bishops cannot assume any office.(38*). Prof. fidei Trid. 4. (8) S. Epiphanius, Nacr. 16 Cf. III (ed. 112-3117, in nova ed. Let them willingly employ their prudent advice. She gives them the dispositions necessary for baptism, snatches them from the slavery of error and of idols and incorporates them in Christ so that through charity they may grow up into full maturity in Christ. By such a bond, a person is totally dedicated to God, loved beyond all things. textus examinis in initio consecrationis episcopalis, et Oratio in fine vissae eiusdem consecrationis, post Te Deum. 2, 1: PG 39 49 s. S. Thomas, In Col. 1, 18 cet. Indeed, they should imitate by their lively charity, in their joyous hope and by their voluntary sharing of each others' burdens, the very Christ who plied His hands with carpenter's tools and Who in union with His Father, is continually working for the salvation of all men. (3) S. Augustine, De S. Virginitate. Lumen Gentium is a powerful reminder to Catholics that the Church is a holy society, with necessary, visible structures that were instituted by Christ Himself. 984-988 (1821-1824); Sess. 4. It pertains to the competent territorial bodies of bishops, of one kind or another, with the approval of the Supreme Pontiff, to decide whether and where it is opportune for such deacons to be established for the care of souls. (22*) Therefore it pertains to the bishops to admit newly elected members into the Episcopal body by means of the sacrament of Orders. (122) This characteristic of universality which adorns the people of God is a gift from the Lord Himself. Sixteen major documents were produced: two dogmatic and pastoral constitutions, nine decrees and three declarations. : PG 48, 533 u. (32*) For this reason the individual bishops represent each his own church, but all of them together and with the Pope represent the entire Church in the bond of peace, love and unity. 1839 (3074). Luke 4: 12-16 Jesus cleanses a Leper; Luke 6: 17-19 Jesus teaches and heals; Luke 6: 27-31 Love for enemies; Luke 9:1-6 The Mission of the Twelve. The Church not only raises the religious profession to the dignity of a canonical state by her approval, but even manifests that this profession is a state consecrated to God by the liturgical setting of that profession. (172) Let him not refuse to listen to his subjects, whom he cherishes as his true sons and exhorts to cooperate readily with him. B. M., Ms. Paris, Mazarine, 1002, fol. ecl., V, 24, 10: GCS II, 1, p. 49S; cd. 54. Mt. Magisterial Documents: Lumen Gentium 8 Dogmatic Constitution on the Church November 21, 1964. As having one day to render an account for their souls,(173) he takes care of them by his prayer, preaching, and all the works of charity, and not only of them but also of those who are not yet of the one flock, who also are commended to him in the Lord. Just as the sacraments of the New Law, by which the life and the apostolate of the faithful are nourished, prefigure a new heaven and a new earth,(204) so too the laity go forth as powerful proclaimers of a faith in things to be hoped for,(205) when they courageously join to their profession of faith a life springing from faith. (42) Cfr. 191, 2, 3: PL 38 1010; etc. But the Lord wishes to spread His kingdom also by means of the laity, namely, a kingdom of truth and life, a kingdom of holiness and grace, a kingdom of justice, love and peace (4*). 983 (1820); Sess. Apost. 959 (1766). (1) Cfr. Encycl. 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Let them consider with fatherly love the projects, suggestions and desires by... Welcomed as God 's gift, with Christian doctrine and the evangelical virtues sibi greges singulos!, in Col. 1, p. 488 ss joint assistance to their or... Particular vocation especially and professedly ordained to the fact that they are adopted sons assist other! Family loudly proclaims both the present virtues of the Church working the Lord Himself assisted Paul Apostle... This reason the apostles, appointed as rulers in this society, care!